Quantum Numbers

Quantum number is an integer or half-round which gives values ​​in a sustem atoms or molecules, such as energy level spectrum or magnetic properties. For there are 4 types of atomic quantum number is the principal quantum number, azimuth, magnetic, and spin.

1. Principal quantum number
The principal quantum number is a positive number that shows the positions or relative distance to the core electrons. Disimbulkan with principal quantum number n. The greater the value of n, the greater the size of the orbitals occupied by electrons

Skin k = 1 L = 2 M = 3 N = 4 O = 5 P = 6 Q = 7

2. Azimuthal quantum number
Azimuthal quantum number is a positive number whose magnitude depends on the value of the principal quantum number and menggamberkan type of subshell electrons in atoms.

each subshell given the symbol s, p, d, f. The letters s, p, d, f and f are from ancient spectroscopy spectrum line called sharp, principal, and fundamental difusse

Price n price l Type subshell
n = 1 l = 0 s
n = 2 l = 0.1 s p
n = 3 l = 0,1,2 s p d
n = 4 l = 0,1,2,3 s p d f

3. Magnetic quantum numbers
Magnetic quantum number is an integer, the amount depends on the value of azimuthal quantum number and determine the orientation of the orbitals and the number of electrons in atomic orbitals. Magnetic quantum number is symbolized by the m.

m =-l, ..., + l

4. Spin quantum numbers
Spin quantum number is a number that characterizes the direction of rotation of the electron around sumbunyadan describe the nature of the spectrum with a value of +1 / 2 or -1 / 2. The + or - only show opposite directions and can be described by using the arrows, the ↑ and ↓